Blueprint for the Adjunction Formula

1.7 Selected Results on Primary Decomposition

Definition 1.7.1
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Given a prime ideal \(\mathfrak {p}\) of the ring \(R\), an ideal \(I\) is \(\mathfrak {p}\)-primary if for all \(x, y \in I\), either \(x \in I\) or \(y^n \in I\) for some \(n\). (This is already in mathlib)

Lemma 1.7.2

If \(\mathfrak {q}\) is a primary ideal, then \(\sqrt{q}\) is a prime ideal.

Proof

Lemma 1.7.3

Let \(I_{1}, \ldots , I_{n}\) be \(\mathfrak {p}\)-primary ideals. Then their intersection is \(\mathfrak {p}\)-primary.

Proof

“isPrimary_inf” in mathlib is this but for only two ideals, so just use induction.

Definition 1.7.4

A primary decomposition of an ideal \(I \subset R\) is an expression of \(I\) as an intersection of primary ideals, that is a collection of ideals \(\mathfrak {q}_{i}\), \(1 \leq i \leq n\), such that

\[ I = \bigcap _{i=1}^{n} \mathfrak {q}_{i} . \]

Definition 1.7.5

An ideal \(I\) is decomposable there exists a primary decomposition with intersection \(I\).

Definition 1.7.6

A minimal primary decomposition is a primary decomposition such that

  1. The ideals \(\sqrt{\mathfrak {q}_{i}}\) are distinct

  2. \[ \bigcap _{i \neq j}^{} \mathfrak {q}_{j} \not\subset \mathfrak {q}_{i} \]

    for all \(1 \leq i \leq n\).

Lemma 1.7.7

Any decomposable ideal has a minimal primary decomposition

Proof

Reduce to the case where there is a single prime ideal per primary ideal by lemma 1.7.3, and then if there are any superflous terms breaking condition (ii), remove them.

Theorem 1.7.8 First Uniqueness Theorem for Primary Decomposition

Proof

See Atiyah-MacDonald, Theorem 4.5